Re: Questions on Exhibition reproducer rebuild
Posted: Thu Dec 26, 2019 7:33 pm
I'm not sure of what you're meaning... But the balance springs can be set at any tension from zero to a high value, just with the small run the screws allow, maybe 2mm when you give them several turns. I feel these springs are pretty stiff. I'll explain myself.
When starting the adjustment with the screws fully out, you give them several turns until the head starts barely touching the springs. This first position is what I'd call 'no pressure' or 'zero'. If you balance the needlebar in this position, the groove vibrations actually bounce at the diaphragm connection, and come back to the weak point in the chain, which is at the loose knife supports, causing the needlebar to rattle at this point. Indeed it will work as an inverted lever, the attachment at the diaphragm being the pin point, the needle point being the action, and a reduced movement caused at the knife supports, which are loose and will rattle.
You need a certain pressure at the springs to maintain the lever supported on the knife supports. So you must give some pressure further than that zero point.
The problem is these balance springs do a double function: to support the needlebar on the knife edges, and to provide a certain stiffness at the fulcrum. Other soundboxes as the 4/5a or the orthophonic solve this issue using no springs, but a fixed bushing, which allows for a secure needlebar attachment with infinite compliance, so all the energy goes up to the diaphragm (or the spider case of orthophonic). But the exhibition uses springs, so we must live with a certain stiffness at the balance point which actually steals part of the groove energy. But this is allowable, and well adjusted in conjunction with the diaphragm stiffness, forms part of the design.
If the springs are a bit more tight but not too much, the fulcrum is secured on the knife edges, but a secondary parasite rattle may appear, at the balance springs screws heads. The springs are not perfect, and the contact with the screw head may not be full. When the needlebar vibrates, the springs ends also vibrate up and down, rattling against the screws. This is also inherent to this design, and can be corrected on two ways:
1) the factory setting; you give more tension to the springs until this secondary rattle disappears.
2) a modification; if you add two small thin felt or rubber washers between the screws heads and the springs, this eliminates the rattle at these points, and allow a better contact of the screws heads with the springs. This has an added effect of reducing the overall apparent stiffness of the springs, so more vibration energy goes up to the diaphragm. This sounds better, but has again the effect of bouncing we talked before, and in turn you can experiment again the rattling at the knife edges, which must be corrected again applying a bit more tension on the springs.
Anyway, we always arrive to the same point (washers or not) which is that a certain tension further away from the zero point is needed for the system to work properly.
The other problem is when you apply excessive tension. Then the springs will steal the vibration energy, preventing it to arrive properly to the diaphragm attachment, and modifying terribly the transmitted wave spectrum. Not only they steal volume, but they modify the sound quality, muffling it.
So one must search the sweet point, starting from the zero, increasing the tension gradually until there is no rattling or buzzing with most records.
This can be a very long discussion. I'm preparing an article about what I've found when analysing the exhibition...
When starting the adjustment with the screws fully out, you give them several turns until the head starts barely touching the springs. This first position is what I'd call 'no pressure' or 'zero'. If you balance the needlebar in this position, the groove vibrations actually bounce at the diaphragm connection, and come back to the weak point in the chain, which is at the loose knife supports, causing the needlebar to rattle at this point. Indeed it will work as an inverted lever, the attachment at the diaphragm being the pin point, the needle point being the action, and a reduced movement caused at the knife supports, which are loose and will rattle.
You need a certain pressure at the springs to maintain the lever supported on the knife supports. So you must give some pressure further than that zero point.
The problem is these balance springs do a double function: to support the needlebar on the knife edges, and to provide a certain stiffness at the fulcrum. Other soundboxes as the 4/5a or the orthophonic solve this issue using no springs, but a fixed bushing, which allows for a secure needlebar attachment with infinite compliance, so all the energy goes up to the diaphragm (or the spider case of orthophonic). But the exhibition uses springs, so we must live with a certain stiffness at the balance point which actually steals part of the groove energy. But this is allowable, and well adjusted in conjunction with the diaphragm stiffness, forms part of the design.
If the springs are a bit more tight but not too much, the fulcrum is secured on the knife edges, but a secondary parasite rattle may appear, at the balance springs screws heads. The springs are not perfect, and the contact with the screw head may not be full. When the needlebar vibrates, the springs ends also vibrate up and down, rattling against the screws. This is also inherent to this design, and can be corrected on two ways:
1) the factory setting; you give more tension to the springs until this secondary rattle disappears.
2) a modification; if you add two small thin felt or rubber washers between the screws heads and the springs, this eliminates the rattle at these points, and allow a better contact of the screws heads with the springs. This has an added effect of reducing the overall apparent stiffness of the springs, so more vibration energy goes up to the diaphragm. This sounds better, but has again the effect of bouncing we talked before, and in turn you can experiment again the rattling at the knife edges, which must be corrected again applying a bit more tension on the springs.
Anyway, we always arrive to the same point (washers or not) which is that a certain tension further away from the zero point is needed for the system to work properly.
The other problem is when you apply excessive tension. Then the springs will steal the vibration energy, preventing it to arrive properly to the diaphragm attachment, and modifying terribly the transmitted wave spectrum. Not only they steal volume, but they modify the sound quality, muffling it.
So one must search the sweet point, starting from the zero, increasing the tension gradually until there is no rattling or buzzing with most records.
This can be a very long discussion. I'm preparing an article about what I've found when analysing the exhibition...