Here's what I do (note that my collection is essentially all classical/operatic):
Edison diamond discs: Mostly stored in numerical order in two office grade four-drawer file cabinets (for letter size, not legal size paper), old ones from when the things were still built sturdily. Discs go "across" the drawers, so one side is face out. Each disc is sleeved, a mix of Edison, other brand, and modern generic sleeves.
Pathé vertical cut discs: 14" size are in numbered 14x14 clamshells sold for photographic portfolios. The opera sets are in 12x12 clamshells, mostly originally for 78s but in one case for LPs. Most of these records are individually sleeved, except for a few for which I lack sleeves of the proper size; those are still OK, as they reside in each case between sleeved records on each side, "borrowing" the benefits of the outside of each adjacent sleeve. Some of the "normal sized" (mostly 11.25") Pathé singles are in similar clamshells, eventually destined to be sequentially numbered, and I want to store all of them so, but I ran out of clamshells and have had no luck finding more. The bulk of the Pathé singles are in an old record cabinet, individually sleeved, or in the cabinet of my Pathé 100 upright, ditto. Getting them in order is on my "to do" list.
78 album sets are stored in the original (or, occasionally, repurposed) albums, grouped by label and shelved in set catalogue number order. I have separate storage for 10" and 12" sets.
78 singles are in generic (or repurposed "set") albums, numbered in sequence. Again, separate sections for 10" and 12" albums, and each size begins with album "1." Records within each album are semi-random, generally grouped by date of acquisition. In other words, if I get a stack of 78 singles, I'll put them in albums starting where I left off last time, and within that lot I'll try to keep, say, piano records together, soprano singers together, then contraltos, etc., but I can easily end up with an album that mixes solo instrumental, orchestral, and vocal depending on what I got that day. I keep a list of sleeves vacated when sifting out dupes, and then later put newly-acquired records there, so things aren't truly chronological, either.
LPs are stored in a separate set of shelves, alphabetically by label and in catalogue number order within those groups.
Cylinders are in various drawers, either designed for the purpose or pressed into service.
To find records, I have everything in a computer catalogue maintained with a program called Personal Knowbase; I started it with a similar DOS program called SquareNote. I stayed with SquareNote for years after Windows started making things awkward for DOS software. Alas, it was orphaned, meaning no updates or extensions of its capabilities, and eventually I hit the limits of what it could do and my ability to keep it running. Happily Personal Knowbase is sufficiently similar that I was able to transport the SquareNote database into it without inordinate retyping or adjustments. It presents what amounts to an index card for each entry, allowing for free form data of any length, accessible by assigned sorting tags. This design allows for easy notes. For example, one entry is as follows:
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Beethoven: Symphony no. 9 in d, op. 125 ("Choral"). In English. Elsie Suddaby, Nellie Walker, Walter Widdop, Stuart Robertson; Or./Coates. (1) VicaO set M-12, 8 12". Exc. LA 5/17/89 (2) HMV set 31, 8 12". Exc. RG 6/6/2001
Both sets are missing music in the slow mvt. beginning with the second half of beat 4, measure 51, and picking up with the second half of beat 4, measure 58. In the Victor set, the record speed changes markedly after this break. It remains the same in the HMV, which uses different takes.
HMV copy: several sides present difficult warps, esp. 2, 7, 8; needed extra tracking force and max antiskate to play. First side of finale is at 81.9 RPM; remainder at 78.26.
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That tells me I have copies on Victrola Orthophonic (RCA Victor Orthophonic would be RVicO or RVicaO) and HMV; the dates include codes for where I bought the records (keyed elsewhere), and some detail modifying the notationj that my HMV copy has excellent surfaces. The notes about the cut and playback speeds are self-explanatory. This card assigns sorting tags Beethoven, Suddaby, Walker, Widdop, Robertson, HMV, Victor, 12, 31, 12", set, 1989, 2001, 78 RPM, and instrumental. I can ask the software to bring up all notes under any of those tags, and this note will appear along with any other records similarly tagged. Doing a search request for "Suddaby," for example, brings up this note and also an English Decca recording of Bach's St. Matthew Passion.
For singles in the generic albums, I assign what amount to nine-digit ZIP codes (because SquareNote could sort by ZIP code, a capability not present in Personal Knowbase). Thus, for example,
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Puccini: Tosca, Act III -- E Lucevan le Stelle (The Stars Were Shining). In Italian. Caruso. (a) w/ piano. HMV V.A.34, 10". Exc. CAr 4/10/2009 (replacing Vica 523-A BB 5/18/90) 10124-0012 (b) w/ or. VicaR 87044, 10". G 10008-0002 (retained in preference to OpD 74526 GSi 1/21/90) (c) w/ piano. Pathé 84004, 11.25". Exc. LH 6/2001 Same number, 14". Exc. RG 5/18/2018 14001 Also Herrold 500A, 10". Exc. CAr 4/10/2009 10125-0011 Also IRCC 3121-B, 10" vinyl. VG CAr 4/10/2009 10134-0009 (d) Victor ARM1-2767, 12" digital mono LP WUOT 8/12/2000
(a) rec. Feb. 1, 1904 Transcribed to server 4/29/2018 Graham Slee Accession flat; Kenwood 1070KE equalizer; 2.8 mil truncated elliptical 78 RPM
(b), (d) rec. Nov. 6, 1909 Transcribed to server 9/3/2016 0 0 500 4.0 mil 75 RPM
(c) rec. ca. 1901; both dubbed from AICC cylinder
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This shows I have Caruso singing the aria on records found at 10" album 124, sleeve 12; 10" album 8, sleeve 2; as a separately sleeved 11.25" Pathé in the record cabinet; as a 14" Pathé in photo folio clamshell 1; in 10" album 125, sleeve 11; 10" album 134 sleeve 9; and on a Victor LP reissue. A 12" Victor would be in a 12-series album; for instance,
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Verdi: Il Trovatore, Act IV -- Ai nostri monti (Home to Our Mountains). In Italian. Homer/Caruso. Vica 89018, 12" (9N stamper). VG MHl 8/25/89 12084-0001
Rec. Dec. 29, 1910 75.00 RPM
Note: Victor issued the same artists in this selection rec. Mar. 17, 1908 under the same catalogue number. In the recording above, Caruso takes the last note up. In the earlier recording, he takes it down.
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Here the record is in 12" album 84, sleeve 1.
OK, you can wake up now!
