Most likely, if this is an as-found sound box that's never been serviced, it will need new gaskets to replace the hardened original gaskets, along with a cleaning and adjustment. Hopefully, the diaphragm, itself, is not damaged or punctured.
I'd advise, if you've never worked on a sound box with a fragile aluminum diaphragm, to send it to someone who has. (I ruined a couple of aluminum diaphragms in my early days in this hobby just by trying to open the sound box.)
One thing you can check is to see if the rattling is caused by a loose fitting of the needle bar pivot. I can't see, from the photo if this is adjustable or not. There would probably be a screw on either side of the needle bar pivot if it is.
In any event, check to see if there is any sideways movement or shake of the needle bar in the direction show:

- Soundbox.JPG (31.61 KiB) Viewed 3315 times
If there is, and there are adjustment screws, see if you can turn either screw to eliminate it. Don't force them if they won't move! Doing so may crack the pot metal casing.